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  • Out-Of-Home Advertising
    Out-Of-Home Advertising

Out-Of-Home Advertising

 

With OOH advertising providing a higher reach than other major media, it’s no surprise that OOH spend surpassed more than $42 billion in 2024. Many brands are pushing the boundaries of creativity to make compelling OOH work, especially in digital OOH. But what’s the real secret to success? How can advertisers be confident that their highly visible creative will support brand building and drive market share growth?

Download the Research

System1 and JCDecaux have revealed game-changing insights that will reshape how brands approach OOH creative.

Double Take, a new whitepaper, draws on System1’s predictive testing of 1000+ OOH campaigns with 180,000 consumers across 7 markets using its Test Your Ad platform. For the first time, a subset of these results have been linked to JCDecaux’s campaign performance data to reveal how emotion and branding drive brand and commercial effects in one of the world’s most powerful media channels.

Key findings:

The research offers key findings as well as strategies for exceptional OOH, including:

  • OOH ads scoring over 3 Stars on System1’s rating were twice as effective at driving business outcomes.​
  • Well-branded campaigns were over 50% more likely to be recalled, even after just 2 seconds.​
  • OOH creative aligned with existing brand assets (characters, tone, colors) delivers 2x the recall.​

Submit your details now to download the full whitepaper.

Learn More About Test Your Ad Outdoor
WATCH THE PRESENTATION

How to Create the Perfect Digital Poster

Andrew Tindall, System1 Global Partnerships, and Chris Felton, JCD Global insights, presented a preview of their partnership and industry first research at MAD/Fest 2023. Sonya Mooney, Communications Leads Specsavers, shared examples of how this research is already creating value for their business.

Out-Of-Home Advertising
Read The Article

Adwanted Media Research Awards 2025: System1 and JCDecaux lands Grand Prix

We picked up the award 'Best Custom Media Research Project — Media Owner' for our work with JCDecaux on creative testing

Learn More
FAQs

What is Double Take?

Double Take is a global research partnership between System1 and JCDecaux that connects Out-of-Home (OOH) creative quality directly to real-world brand and business outcomes for the first time. It draws on predictive testing of over 1,000 real-world OOH ads with more than 180,000 people globally, matched against JCDecaux’s in-market effectiveness data spanning brand lift, consideration and sales. 

The headline finding: OOH ads that score more than 3 Stars on System1’s Star Rating deliver double the commercial impact of lower-scoring ads, along with over 3x stronger brand sentiment, nearly 3x better message recall, more than double the spontaneous brand awareness, and a 50% higher chance of driving consumer action. 

Methodology

The study is built from System1’s proprietary OOH pre-testing tool, adapted from its Test Your Ad platform to reflect how people actually experience OOH in the real world. 

  • 1,220 Out-of-Home campaigns tested globally with over 180,000 respondents, measuring branded emotional response and 2-second brand recognition. 
  • Each ad is shown to 150 people for 2 seconds, based on average real-world dwell time from attention studies by Lumen Research. After the 2-second window, viewers can choose to skip on, mirroring real-life attention decay. 
  • A subset of 73 Out-of-Home campaigns, measured pre/post with 22,000 respondents, was matched against System1 Test Your Ad Outdoor testing (10,950 respondents) to connect creative scores with real brand lift studies, conducted at least 6 months apart. 
  • Creative quality is captured through four metrics: Star Rating (predicted long-term brand growth), Spike Rating (intensity of in-the-moment emotion and short-term sales response), Fluency (speed and clarity of brand recognition), and Creative Attention, a metric built specifically for OOH that tracks how long it takes people to skip on. 

Why are Most OOH Ads Underperforming?

3 in 5 OOH ads are not working hard enough. The research uncovered two compounding problems: 

  • The brand problem: 1 in 3 global OOH exposures (37%) result in no brand recognition within the crucial 2-second window. 
  • The emotion problem: almost 40% of ads score just 1-Star in System1’s testing, the lowest level of predicted long-term effectiveness, meaning nearly 4 in 10 OOH campaigns generate no meaningful emotional response at all. 

Put together, most OOH creative is seen but not remembered, so it fails to deliver the long-term brand-building potential the medium is capable of, despite OOH reaching 90%+ of the UK population weekly and being one of the most trusted media channels available. 

What is the Double Take Effect?

The Double Take effect describes how creative quality doesn’t just improve OOH results, it multiplies them. Campaigns that achieve brand recognition within the first 2 seconds show 54% higher campaign recall. Campaigns that also trigger a strong emotional response go further still, delivering: 

  • Double the commercial impact 
  • Over 3x stronger brand sentiment 
  • Nearly 3x better message recall 
  • More than double the spontaneous brand awareness 
  • A 50% higher chance of driving consumer action 
Metric  1–2 Star  3–4 Star  Uplift 
Commercial effect  +37%  +74%  2x the impact 
Key message recall  +0.9%  +3.4%  +278% increase 
Sentiment lift  +3%  +11%  Over 3x stronger 
Spontaneous brand awareness lift  +1.8%  +4%  More than double 
Key action taken  30%  45%  50% more likely to act 

Source: System1 Test Your Ad Outdoor testing; brand lift studies conducted separately, at least 6 months apart. 

What are the Five Double Take Creative Behaviors?

Analysis of the OOH campaigns that performed best identified five creative behaviors shared by the most effective work. Get these right, and a brand unlocks memory, emotion and commercial impact: 

  • Be realistic: design for the glance. 
  • Be distinctive: stand out in public. 
  • Be consistent: build memory with fluent branding. 
  • Don’t be dull: make people feel fast. 
  • Bend the rules: break the format, not the brand. 

Be Realistic: Why Does the 2-Second Window Matter?

OOH is a 2-second medium. JCDecaux’s work with attention experts Lumen shows average dwell time on a static poster is just 2 seconds (2.2 seconds for dynamic creative, 1.8 seconds for static). Ads that achieve brand recognition within that window see a 54% boost in overall campaign recall. 

What works in practice: 

  • Simplicity wins: OOH ads with fewer than seven words see 70% 2-second brand recognition, versus 59% for ads with more than seven words. Every additional message reduces the odds of instant recognition. Three messages in a single ad actually produces a -0.4% lift in key brand association, compared to +4.4% for one clear message. 
  • Brand bold and early: viewers scan OOH top-down, so branding placed at the top of the creative is 2.7x more likely to be quickly recognized than branding placed at the bottom. 
  • Don’t be afraid to brand: logos occupying at least 10% of the creative area boost viewing time by 28%. 
  • Be choiceful with brand assets: more is not better. The strongest short-term performance (Spike Rating) came from campaigns using just one or two distinctive assets rather than five or six. 

Be Distinctive: What Makes OOH Creative Stand Out?

OOH creative competes with dynamic public environments so being merely “on brand” is only a starting point. Distinctiveness works on two fronts: standing out from the environment, and standing out as yourself. 

  • Bold colors and strong contrast drive +22% higher emotional impact and create a focal point against the surrounding environment. 
  • Faces attract more attention than any other feature, increasing view time and lifting long-term impact (Star Rating) by 0.25. 
  • Doubling product size increases average view time by 86%. 
  • Not all distinctive brand assets perform equally: fluent brand characters (mascots) drive a 3x higher chance of above-average 2-second brand recognition, and product or packaging shapes deliver 2x higher recognition. Celebrities and generic advertising style are comparatively weak triggers for fast brand recognition in OOH. 

Extra dwell time beyond 2 seconds doesn’t meaningfully improve basic recall on its own — but when creative does capture sustained attention, emotional engagement rises sharply, boosting brand preference, consideration and action taken.

Be Consistent: Why Does Fluent Branding Matter?

Consistent brands see roughly double the profit growth of inconsistent ones, according to System1’s Compound Creativity research with the IPA. In a 2-second medium, consistency reduces cognitive load, letting people recognize, trust and choose a brand faster. 

  • OOH ads that are visually consistent with TV creative see a 14% uplift in 2-second brand recognition. 
  • Campaigns that maintain creative coherence across TV and Out-of-Home achieve 30% higher recall. 

Being consistent doesn’t mean being boring: it means reusing fluent devices (characters, taglines, colors, logos, style) confidently across campaigns and channels, evolving within a recognizable frame rather than reinventing it, and anchoring new ideas to existing brand memories. 

Don't Be Dull: Why Does Emotion Drive OOH Performance?

Neutrality, a total absence of feeling, is the most common audience response to advertising. Research from Adam Morgan, Peter Field and Jon Evans (The Extraordinary Cost of Dull) found that dull ads generate 58% lower prompted recall than emotionally engaging ones: the dullest OOH campaigns deliver barely 18.9% recall, versus nearly 30% for campaigns that spark feeling. 

  • 1 in 3 OOH campaigns fail to create any emotional connection or distinctiveness, and fail to shift brand recall at all. 
  • Positive emotions build 5% stronger brand associations; the top 20% happiest campaigns achieve 167% more key brand association lift than the dullest 20%. 
  • Campaigns creating above-average positive emotion drove a +9.4 percentage point lift in claimed key actions taken (26% vs 35%). 
  • Happiness and Surprise drive far greater memorability than neutral or negative emotional responses. 
  • Ads that leave viewers feeling positive drive a 52% increase in commercial action (conversion, store visit, website visit) versus 29% for ads that leave viewers feeling below-average. 

“Showmanship” beats “salesmanship”: right-brain creative features — characters with vitality, dramatic scenes, sense of place, cultural references, humans and animals interacting — consistently outperform left-brain features like abstracted product shots, claims, data and figures, and heavy text. The most entertaining OOH creative earns +21% more attention than the least entertaining.

Bend the Rules: How Can Brands Use OOH's Constraints Creatively?

The most unforgettable OOH posters don’t break the rules, they bend them, finding tension between clarity and surprise within the medium’s constraints (fast exposure, simple creative, immediate branding). 

  • Play with distinctive assets: treat brand assets as creative weapons, magnifying a logo, twisting a character, or exaggerating a color palette to turn familiarity into entertainment. 
  • Play with context and culture: ads timed to the moment, tailored to their environment, or tied to cultural conversation lift neurological response by up to 32% and boost sales, brand recall and time spent looking. 
  • Play with copy: fewer than ten words can make someone smile, laugh, or feel something that sticks — the best posters are “punched out,” not written. 
  • Play with the rules themselves: flipping a format or leaving space for the audience to connect the dots (without losing clarity or branding) is what makes people stop, look twice, and remember. 

How Can Marketers Test Whether Their OOH Creative Will Earn a Double Take?

System1’s Test Your Ad Outdoor platform predicts the commercial impact of outdoor posters, billboards and digital OOH. Test Your Ad Outdoor video reports feature an attention time curve which visually represents the capacity to maintain viewer engagement, pinpointing crucial moments where attention is lost. 

The platform also delivers Star, Spike, and Fluency metrics, and Fast Fluency. By measuring brand recognition after just 2 seconds of exposure, reports provide valuable insight into how quickly people connect your creative content with your brand. 

The Five Double Take Behaviors at a Glance

Behaviour  What to Do  Why It Matters  How to Apply It 
Be realistic  Design for the 2-second window. Keep it simple, bold, and immediately branded.  Fast brand recognition drives memory and recall.  Place branding at the top, use fewer than seven words, focus on one clear message. 
Be distinctive  Break through the environment. Use bold colors, faces, product shapes, and fluent assets.  Visual and brand distinctiveness are essential for emotional engagement.  Maximize bold colors, show faces, enlarge product shots, lean on strong brand assets. 
Be consistent  Extend fluent devices across OOH, TV, online, and beyond.  Consistency compounds and speeds recognition, strengthening brand memory.  Reuse the same logos, colors, characters, and style across all media. 
Don’t be dull  Trigger positive emotion fast. Use showmanship, not just salesmanship.  Emotional ads deliver twice the commercial impact of dull ones.  Use characters, storytelling, cultural references; avoid text-heavy or abstract designs. 
Bend the rules  Play within the rules. Use assets, culture, copy, and creativity to earn a Double Take.  Creativity shines when it surprises without confusing.  Twist familiar assets, time ads to context, use clever copy. 
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